Mathematics Educational Theories Essay

My investigation has led me to think about lots of ideas that can be used with children in Early Years classroom as well as with KS1. Numbers displayed on telephone sets and remote controls are probably the first form of numbers in an order that young children come across with. Primarily, number lines 0 – 10 & 0 – 20, as a part of the 100 square can be used where children familiarise themselves with numbers and recognise the correct order of numbers. Number lines are very versatile. They can be of any size, for individual or whole- class use. They can start on any number. Blank number lines are infinitely adaptable; they can be used for counting calculations using all four number operations. They are a good way to practice and overlearn the number bonds to 20 that children need to be able to remember fluently. Visual counting pattern on number lines can help children to understand relative numbers and number sequences. Moving a step forward from the correct order of numbers, the children can identify and colour all the odd and even numbers and establish rules for recognition. When children are confident with bigger numbers, a large 100 square is ideal to work with the whole class to learn timetables, addition & subtraction of larger numbers by counting numbers above it or below it. Children can also identify multiples of 2,3, 5, 10 and others by highlighting numbers in different colours and demonstrate sequential patterns. They can reverse the two digit numbers, read them and make new numbers. Problem solving activities such as pick a number between 0-10 or 0-20, double it and add 1, is very exciting as children manipulate with numbers at their own pace. Lots of different games can be introduced. Snakes & Ladders, number dominions, dice games, dot to dot, finding the difference between two dices; place value cards are few examples. By playing and replaying a selection of games, children can practice to grapple ideas, number facts and concepts in a way that they can enjoy and strengthen skills at the same time. Active involvement aids their learning and enhances their attitude towards the subject. But it is important to focus on the particular learning target that the game is reinforcing. Hundred squares can be cut into several parts to form a jigsaw and children can be challenged to put the pieces together again. (See some activity ideas in the appendix)

O and Othello Comparison Essay

‘Othello is one of the brilliant plays written by William Shakespeare. It is the story of man named Othello and how his mind was twisted and manipulated by a man named Iago and how Iago made Othello think that his wife Desdemona was cheating on him with his lieutenant Michael Cassio, which results in many deaths. Tim Blake Nelson has creatively restructured ‘Othello’ into a film to appeal to a teenage audience. It still contains the same central ideas which are racism, jealousy and deception which will be analysed on how they are portrayed in ‘Othello’ and are creatively reshaped in ‘O’. Jealously is one of the main central ideas and is shown through many character but mainly Iago and Hugo and Othello and O. In act 4, scene 5 Othello goes into an eplileplsy fit after hearing the news that Cassio slept with Othello’s wife Desdemona and Othello has lost nearly all control of himself to his jealousy in the play. Nelson has recreated this scene into a Slam Dunk competition where Odin is high on cocaine and Hugo (Iago) has given him the misinformation that Desi (Desdemona) and Michael (Cassio) have been sleeping together. In the novel ‘Othello’, Othello strikes Desdemona in the company of Lodovico, a Venetian nobleman. This very action implies that Othello is so engrossed in his emotion that he simply does not care that other people can see his anger and subsequent violence towards his wife. In â€Å"O,† this concept has been magnified where Odin’s violent actions do not occur in front of one person, but instead in front of an entire crowd of people. Also when Lodovico’s see’s this he is surprised and Othello has to fix his actions â€Å"My lord, this would not be believed in Venice, / Though I should swear I saw’t. `Tis very much; / Make her amends – she weeps† (4. 1. 36) During â€Å"O,† when Odin destroys the backboard and pushes the ball boy down, the crowd simply boos at him. Both responses are appropriate to the contexts they take place in, but both express displeasure at Othello’s actions. To further prove the point that Othello holds no regard for anyone else’s opinion at this point, he ignores the responses in both contexts and continues harboring his jealously. In Shakespeare’s script, Othello continues to rant about how evil he believes Desdemona is: â€Å"If that the earth could teem with woman’s tears, / Each drop she falls would prove a crocodile† (IV. 1. 39-240), whereas in â€Å"O,† Odin remains silent and simply struts around the basketball court with his arms outstretched while the crowd boos him. Both actions hint at the more selfish aspect of Othello’s emotions; by ignoring his surroundings and clinging to his beliefs, he proves that he is thinking more about himself at this point than anything else. In ‘O’ when Odin shatters the backboard it is a visual metaphor for destroying Desi as basketball is something that defines Odin so therefore basketball could be interpreted as a symbol for the things Odin loves and enjoys in his life such asDesi. By having Odin destroy the backboard of the basketball hoop, Nelson illustrates the path that Odin and Othello decided to take, a path that will destroy everything they love, and ultimately themselves. Therefore the image foreshadows their death. Racism is also largely seen in both texts, Shakespeare makes it clear that Othello’s colour has a lot to do with Iago’s problems with him. â€Å"The term ‘Moor’ used to describe Othello at various points in the play. The term ‘Moor’ was widely used as a synonym for ‘Negro’ When Shakespeare describes the elopement of Desdemona and Othello, he makes it appear to be unnatural. He goes so far as to relate their elopement to bestiality. There can be no doubt that Othello’s blackness is a significant part of the play. In ‘Othello’ Desdemona call him the ‘Moor’ and she is his loving and faithful wife whereas when Iago says it, it is offensive. In the film ‘O’ there is a lot of racism, Odin and Desi jokingly discuss their different races. When she disapproves of his use of â€Å"nigga,† he tells her that he is allowed to say it but she cannot even think it. Despite his apparently shallow answer, Odin is â€Å"haunted†¦by a profound self-consciousness about his own blackness†. When Hugo tells Odin that Desi and Mike called him â€Å"the nigga,† This is extremely offensive to and he begins to act out his rage and self-loathing. In ‘Othello the word ‘Moor’ has been replaced by with a the word ‘nigga’ to appeal to younger audiences. Deception can also be seen throughout both texts and especially when Iago sets Cassio up to make Othello hear the Cassio has been sleeping with Desdemona. In ‘Othello’ this scene is set in a jail area whereas in ‘O’ it is set in Iago’s bedroom and Othello is hiding outside the room listening in on the conversation. Nelson has creatively reshaped this scene from early times to the 20th century. During this scene in ‘O’ Cassio talks about Desi as a floosy and talks badly of Odin calling the name Nigga, this in use of language from Michael is the language that teenagers use which is another way Nelson has creatively reshaped Othello. Overall, Nelson has creatively reshaped the central ideas jealousy, racism and deception into the modern film but still keeping the story line. In ‘O’ he has successfully done this by setting it in a high school and making Odin the star basketball player.

Best friends in our lives

Best friends in our lives Best friends are needed in life, and we all have them at some point in our lives. Some of us have had best friends that are imaginary, for some of us is mom, dad, or a family member, and for the rest a best friend is some stranger person that they meet along the way. For me, my best friend growing up was one of my younger cousins. He was 9 months younger but always acted like the oldest, toughest, and meanest one. We had a plan on what to do when we were old, we both dreamed on having a taco/Mexican restaurant. We both loved tacos and every Thursday after school we would go around the corner from his house and buy tacos from â€Å"Don Michael,† a super affordable place to eat where you would get way more than what you actually paid for. We were very closed and almost every weekend we wanted to sleep at each other’s house. After a few times staying at my house, he only wanted me to stay at his house, but he would not stay in my house for any reason. I thought it was a bit weird at first but I would always agree with him, and we would stay over at his house. One time, after several months of me constantly asking, he finally decided to stay in my house. Everything was going well and we were having a great time: eating a lot of food, candies, played video games, table games, playing soccer in the middle of the street, and watching movies. When it was time to sleep, we turned the lights off and the silent night began only to be torn apart with the noise of someone crying. At first I thought it was out side in the street, but as I listen closely and carefully I noticed the noise was coming form inside the house, inside my room. I quickly turned my light on and realized it was my cousin crying. â€Å"I havenâ€℠¢t done anything wrong, I haven’t said anything mean† I thought to myself. After a few seconds of crying with the light on he said he wanted to go home and see his mom. I was 8 years old and I had watched a lot of movies so I was thinking, â€Å"he must be sensing something, and we have to go see what’s going on with my aunt.† After having my parents drive for 45 minutes, we arrived at my aunt’s house and found out there was nothing wrong with my aunt and I started to wonder why my cousin was crying. A few years later, he agreed to stay over at my house again. The same thing happened over and over again so I knew that there had to be something wrong. It wasn’t until 6 years later when my cousin went to see a doctor and he was diagnosed with Schizophrenia. At the age of 17, I didn’t understand what that really meant and I wanted to help my cousin any way possible. Helping him was not very easy since my family and I had moved to a different country when I was 12. Living with schizophrenia doesn’t just take a toll on the person that has the disease but it also affects the family members. Managing it is not impossible and living a joyful long life could be very possible. Before covering the treatments and how to manage schizophrenia we will first discus what exactly is schizophrenia. Then, we will move on to the causes of the disease. Last, we will talk about the treatments and management of schizophrenia. Schizophrenia is a psychological disorder that involves severely distorted beliefs, perceptions, and thought processes. During a schizophrenic episode, people lose their grip on reality. They become engulfed in an entirely different inner world, one that is often characterized by mental chaos, disorientation, and frustration (CITE). According to Psychologytoday.com, there are at least 21 million people in the world that have Schizophrenia.

Mary Shelley Frankenstein Examine the novel and compare and contrast Essay

Mary Shelley Frankenstein Examine the novel and compare and contrast the education of the Creature with the education Victor r - Essay Example So, with that in mind Victor and the Creatures education will be examined, comparing and contrasting their experiences good and bad, as the world around them fosters and hinders their educational goals. Victor as a child showed a keen interest in learning, â€Å"it was the secrets of heaven and earth that I desired to learn,† (23) at that young age, he displays an interest in the creation of life. Victor studies the philosophical work of Cornelius Agrippa, and later reads Paracelsus and Albertus Magnus. Victor states that despite schooling in Geneva, he was â€Å"self-taught with regard to my favourite studies.† (24-25) His father was not able to pass on scientific knowledge to him, so Victor found his own books to study, becoming interested in renewing human life, ridding it of illness and disease. Victor’s educational goals are fostered by the natural world around him. Upon seeing a tree struck by lightening and destroyed, he focuses his studies on science: â⠂¬Å"this almost miraculous change of inclination and will was the immediate suggestion of the guardian angel of my life† (26). At 17 yrs old Victor attends University at Ingolstadt. He’s advised by one professor that the books he’s been studying are irrelevant, and that he must learning afresh. Victor accepts this hindrance of his educational goals due to his â€Å"extreme youth, and my want of a guide on such matters† (29). However Professor M. ... The creature initially â€Å"knew, and could distinguish, nothing† (72). With time and experience the creature learns about food and the animals surrounding him. He also learns too about dangers such as fire, â€Å"I thrust my hand into the live embers, but quickly drew it out again with a cry of pain†(73). The creature learns survival skills of fire, shelter, food, drink and danger from humans as he is attacked and later shot at. By watching the De Lacey family and their interaction with one another, this fosters the creatures’ educational experience, and he learns about love â€Å"sensations of a peculiar and overpowering nature: they were a mixture of pain and pleasure, such as I had never before experienced† (76). From continued observations of the family he learns speech, empathy, compassion, he learns to read, in a Lacanian instance he learns to recognize himself, not in a mirror, but he views his reflection â€Å"in a transparent pool!† (80). He gains knowledge of history and civilization from listening to the family teach Safie, and from books he finds in the forest. With time and disastrous attempts to join in civilization which hinder the creature, he learns to both kill and to â€Å"work mischief† (103) by allowing Justine to take responsibility for his crime. The key differences between Victor and the Creatures education, are that with Victor’s learning, whilst still self-educated (like the creature), Victor had the experience of growing from a child to an adult in a family, with formal schooling and University experience, with professors who were able to recommend texts. The more knowledge Victor gains, the more he is respected and gains acclaim at the

Hiring Police Academy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Hiring Police Academy - Essay Example Here, it is the danger that creates a bond among all the officers alike because there are no barriers of race or class. At the Academy, they live as one great community by overcoming racial and caste differences while sharing rich experiences. The job of police personnel in the Academy is unique because it gives them an identity of great importance. Training at the Police Academy though strenuous, does give one the impression that it is a very well – disciplined organization that transforms its recruits into highly trained professionals. Trainees learn the different military commands and violations are strictly punished while efficiency is well rewarded. Trainees do not possess police powers nor are they allowed possession of a gun, but after their training they are allowed to do these things. Ethics (chap.5) by Crank and Caldero (2004) is one of the most important and popular subjects in the criminal justice system which goes to prove that ethical values have to be inculcated into police officers regime for more favorable and respectable outcomes. Screening recruits on the basis of knowledge and values has become a priority when choosing people before imparting training. Pre- hiring procedures include Knowledge testing, physical fitness and agility, background, psychological testing besides a polygraph and oral interview.

Internet Fraud and the Need For Public Education Essay

Internet Fraud and the Need For Public Education - Essay Example Fraud detection software and security patches can barely outpace the criminals who are constantly in search of a vulnerability to exploit. Firewalls, password technology, and biometric devices all contribute to making the personal data that is available on the Internet more secure, but it is usually the gullibility and ignorance of the computer user that is the weak link in the security chain. Professional and public education is the most effective method for reducing and eliminating the crime of Internet Fraud. Internet fraud is an important issue based on the magnitude of the economic cost and the number of people who are at risk of becoming a victim of fraud. While the overall number of crimes reported has experienced a slight drop in recent years, combined losses for the US and the UK is on the rise and topped $12 billion in 2007 when as many as 1 in 13 people unwittingly gave out personal information to scammers (Johnson 2008; 'Protect yourself online'). In the US, financial losses for Internet fraud have skyrocketed from $183.2 million in 2005 to $8.5 billion in 2007 (Dignan 2008, p.33; 'Protect yourself online'). ... Criminals have turned to Internet fraud in increasing numbers because their identity is easy to conceal, few resources are required to perpetuate the crime, there is easy access to countless potential victims, and they can operate in geographic locations where pursuing prosecution is complicated (Grazioli & Wang 2001, p.194). All these factors influence the type of fraud engaged in, the method of working the scam, and the selection of the victim. Anyone who comes into contact with the Internet can become the victim of Internet fraud, but there are some markers that indicate segments of the population who are typically more at risk. Perpetrators are overwhelmingly male, with only one out of four being female (Dignan 2008, p.33). Professional criminals will often target banks that are known to have lax security systems or a low rate of fraud recovery (Anderson 2007, p.5). The most common Internet fraud is the illegal downloading of software or music, and 25 percent of the 10 to 25-year-old age group admitted to committing this crime in 2004 (Wilson et al. 2006, p.iv). The personal victims are twice as likely to be male rather than female, and males lose a greater amount of money per transaction on average (Dignan 2008, p.33). Internet auction fraud, which accounts for two-thirds of the fraud complaints, had a median loss of $800, while the median loss for all Internet fraud was $424 (Bywell & Oppenheim 2001, p.267; Dignan 2008, p.33). As with crime in general, small losses are generally unreported.

Building for a Sustainable Future Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Building for a Sustainable Future - Essay Example Strategic planning at the beginning of site investigation helps ensure that the process is technically sound, resourceful, and operating on proper time frame. There must be clear understanding of the specific regulations governing the investigation and remediation process, so that the entire operation is satisfactorily addressed (Improving Site Investigation). A structure which is economical and safe to construct is durable and has low maintenance costs. A large part of the decision to construct depends on the understanding of the nature of the ground. This understanding comes from an appreciation of the distribution of the materials in the ground and their properties. An adequate site investigation is therefore an essential part of the building project (A Client's Guide to Site Investigation). The selection of treatment technologies for a site often depends on the physical and chemical properties of the contaminants. For instance, volatile organic compounds are amenable to treatment by technologies such as soil vapor extraction or thermal desorption, because of their volatility. Conversely, metals which are not volatile and do not degrade are not usually amenable to treatment by those technologies (Treatment Technologies for Site Cleanup). Brownfield sites are real property, ... ly, metals which are not volatile and do not degrade are not usually amenable to treatment by those technologies (Treatment Technologies for Site Cleanup). Information to be included within a desk study Brownfield sites are real property, the expansion, redevelopment, or reuse of which may be complicated by the presence or potential presence of hazardous substance, pollutant or contaminant. If there is the fear that the site had borne any type of hazardous elements in the near or distant past, then it becomes necessary to have the site duly examined to find if traces of these elements exist in the soil today. The examination can be carried out by directly engaging site investigators. However, it is also necessary to ensure that the local authorities are apprised of the investigation and see if their participation is required in the investigation. Normally, statutory regulations empower states, communities and other stakeholders to work together to accomplish redevelopment of brownfields sites. These regulations also help businesses and communities adapt environment cleanup programs to the special needs of brownfields sites. Preparing brownfields sites for productive reuse requires integration of many elements. These elements mainly consist of financial issues, community involvement, liability considerations, environmental assessment and cleanup, regulatory requirements, coordination among many groups of stakeholders, etc. The assessment and cleanup of a site must be carried out in a way that integrates all these factors into the overall redevelopment process. The cleanup strategy will vary from site to site. At some sites, cleanup will be completed before the properties are transferred to the new owners. At other sites, cleanup may take place simultaneously with

DNA fingerprinting Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

DNA fingerprinting - Research Paper Example For example, if a single DNA strand looks like this: A-A-C-T-G-A-T-A-G-G-T-C-T-A-G, then the strand of DNA bound to it can be this: T-T-G-A-C-T-A-T-C-C-A-G-A-T-C. the section of DNA can be together represented as follows: DNA fingerprinting is used in differentiating people. This is because the chemical structure of DNA of everyone is the same. The only distinctive feature between people or animals is the base pairs’ order. DNA of each person has many millions of base pairs, and everyone has a distinct sequence. Through the use of these sequences, every individual person can be solely identified by their base pairs’ sequence. The task is however time consuming due to the many millions of base pairs. Scientists have been able to do this through a shorter method due to the repeating patterns in DNA (Pena 97). The patterns however do not give fingerprint of individuals, but can determine whether two samples of DNA are from one individual, non-related people, or related persons. The sequences of DNA used by scientists are known to vary from person to person. This helps them in analysis for probability of a match. Maternity and Paternity: since individuals inherits his or her VNTRSs from the parents, its patterns can be used in the establishment of maternity or paternity of a person. The patterns are very specific, and a parental VNTR pattern can even be reconstructed if the VNTR pattern of the children is known. Analysis of parent to child VNTR pattern has been used widely in solving standard cases of father identification and even complicated cases of legal nationality confirmation, as well as in instances of biological parenthood and adoption. Criminal Identification and Forensics: DNA isolated from skin cells, hair, blood, or any other genetic evidence left at crime scene can be compared via patterns of VNTR, with the criminal suspect’s DNA in order to determine innocence or guilt.

Strategic management in Delta Airlines Case Study

Strategic management in Delta Airlines - Case Study Example Aviation industry is regarded highly competitive, requiring technical expertise and safety measures to be adopted.But the core competency that make two similar airlines differentiate are dependent on the role played by customers, people and employees irrespective of machinery and tangible assets. The implications generated through a slight deviation in not meeting the potential needs of general stakeholders could be pervasive, influencing the culture of an organization, its structure and strategies encompassing operational procedures (Appelbaum, & Fewster, 2004). At present Delta Airlines is adept at serving one sixty million clients per annum, offering travel to near three fifty destinations across seventy countries (Delta, 2011). Strategy is being driven in the US aviation sector by two factors that emerged right after the deregulation took place in 1978. One is the worldwide safety concern and the other being the increased perceptions of clients in relation to the services offered by the company. Studies carried out by researchers have revealed that poor service acquisition and accidents in aviation are not always linked to the technical faults yet sometimes there are human factors involved. â€Å"Sub-optimization† or lack of proper management practices with regard to decision making, communication, employee motivation could bring in a rapid turnover in client share, market position, loss of tangible assets possessed by the firm, and in more severe circumstances this could lead to â€Å"loss of life†. ... r mettle in terms of devising the most appropriate strategy for their respective firm that could offer competitive advantage, developing a core competency for the organization. Also the significance of formulating well structured corporate strategies has often been neglected. The conventional nature of strategic management has been perceived as handling employee disputes within the firm and to supervise some of the administrative tasks but with the passage of time HRM has gained the reputation as a phenomenon that affects the overall strategic framework of a company, simultaneously strategic managers also tried to adapt to the changing work environment with the primary thrust being properly implementing well planned initiatives (Swiercz, & Spencer, 1992). In April 1994, Delta Airlines tried to amend its current strategic demeanor by launching â€Å"Leadership 7.5† a programme that benefited the company in terms of gaining excessive profits by curtailing company’s expend iture in comparison to the competition prevalent in the industry. It so happened that emerging company by the name of â€Å"Southwestern Airlines† managed to maintain a firm market share by initiating low cost strategies, that were favored by target customers as they were being offered cheap fare rates by the company. That resulted in a rapid turnover since 1990 in prior established firms including Delta Airlines. For organizations to survive in a globally competitive environment, all key players have to redefine their market strategies with the alternating market situation. The aim is to get the maximum benefit with limited monetary spending Although Delta Airlines excelled in offering full service package to the travelers yet half-filled flights forged it to develop a corporate strategy with the main

Community assessment and analysis part ii Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Community assessment and analysis part ii - Essay Example The drug abuse problem can be addressed through the establishment of rehabilitation and counseling centers where the affected individuals can receive quality care. Nurses in the region can come up with mobile counseling projects which should cater for all people affected, regardless of their ethnicity. To deal with the problem of ineffective protection, there is need to set up programs that will ensure that the people of New Orleans have access to healthy food. Nurses, community workers and the area’s leaders should combine efforts in ensuring that vulnerable groups get nutritional services and that children who need vaccination to boost their immune systems can get it without a problem. Since most of the infrastructure in New Orleans was destroyed following hurricane Katrina, the hospitals are not sufficient for all people living there. It is the responsibility of healthcare providers, including nurses, to avail healthcare services to the people in any way possible. Mobile clinics can be established to ensure that people who cannot access healthcare facilities get the medication they need. Through the mobile health clinic program, more people will be able to have their illnesses treated and it will be possible for them to get back to their lives, thus reducing the cases of anxiety and stress that came after

Conflict is the essence of drama Essay Example for Free

Conflict is the essence of drama Essay The effect of conflicts in drama is profound, and conflicts contribute to a great extent in making drama attractive for audience to watch. Conflict basically forwards drama, while in the meantime it leads to changes that attract audiences as it progresses through time. Conflict shows character, their realizations, and also realizations of audiences, all of which make drama interesting to attract audiences. It projects meanings and gives vividness to drama, thus it makes drama interesting in order to attract audiences. Conflict forwards drama by introducing changes that keeps the audiences sited. Audiences find an unchanging play that follows routine to be boring and hopes to find differences. Thus, changes are necessary in drama for it to demand a reaction from the audiences thats maintained, so that they can keep focused to the play. In Oedipus, changes occur from the beginning of the play to the end. Oedipus doesnt go through a normal life as being a king or live a happy life with his wife, but experiences through a catastrophe that influences his life. Critical changes are brought out by conflict at certain moments and introduce newness to drama, for example when Jocasta discovers that Oedipus is the child she sent years ago. The conflict is within Jocasta herself, of sinfully being both a wife and mother of Oedipus. Also the conflict is between her and people of Thebes, including Oedipus, where the normal relationship has been destroyed. These two conflicts mean a dramatic change in Jocasta herself, and for the play, as it moves on acknowledging the effects of these changes. Similarly, in Macbeth, changes are brought out throughout the play, enriched by conflicts within characters, such as Macbeth, and conflicts between characters, such as between Lady Macbeth and Macbeth. The two monologs of Macbeth shows his inner conflict between his consciences and his ambition, which slowly drives him towards murdering the king. The vast change in his inner mind based on the conflict sets the basis for the play and leads to the potential consequences that happen later. Conflict between Lady Macbeth and Macbeth occurs when Lady Macbeth accuses her husband of not being a man to have the courage murder. Changes are brought out as Macbeth becomes more firm and aggressive towards the murder, which then affects direction of the whole play by moving closer towards the murder and gives the audiences anticipation towards the killing. Thi s brings a sense of delight in the audiences to keep them focused to the play. By having conflicts which leads to changes, drama is forwarded along with the reactions from the audiences. At the same time conflict forwards a play, conflict also shows character of the characters. In Oedipus, conflict is presented between characters such as between the Terisias the priest and Oedipus. The technique of stichomythic dialogue is used when the two have a conflict in their conversation, to show the characters emotions, especially Oedipuss pride. Short, fast sentences are used when Oedipus hears Teiresiass accusation on him, he says Shall I bear more of this and Teiresias answers I will. The stichomythic dialogue shows Oedipuss jealousy and his tyranny behavior. By being not able to see the warning language of Terisias, hes also shown to be arrogant. His conversation with Creon further shows his arrogance and hubris. Again, stichomythic dialogue is used when Oedipus says By no means. I would have you dead, not banished and Creon answers if you can show in what way I have wronged you. In Macbeth, conflict within Macbeth himself shows his character. In Shakespeares portrayal of Macbeth, theres resolution and irresolution, theres decision and indecision, all which describes his character. During the two long monologs, his relentless ambition fights with his conscience, showing the opposing two sides of his inner character. When Macbeth sees the dagger hanging in front of him, he mentions he thinks not of them and that theres no such thing, but it is indeed ironic because hes mind is actually focused on them. The irony shows his character, the fighting between trying to remain conscience by not thinking of them and murdering the king. He mentions the dagger as a false creation, but in his deep heart desires to use it. Along with showing character, conflict shows their realizations, and more, makes also the audiences to realize. With Oedipus, audiences realize the effect of hubris of people, after seeing how Oedipus experiences his downfall. Audiences realize how the dominating emotions of arrogance, jealousy, pride affect Oedipus in refusal to recognize his wrongness. The paradox of Terisias of being physically blind but sees things correctly in terms of morality further contrasts with Oedipuss emotion, and further encourages the audiences to realize hubris. Although in Oedipus, realizations happen while the audiences have a certain outline, some knowledge on the play, audiences still experience the play differently, since it is live. However, this is not true with Macbeth, as history of the play is made up as going along. Audiences realize the consequences of Macbeth after murdering the king by seeing that, in the end, he dies in the battle. Characters themselves also have realizations in drama, usually at critical moments where conflict makes the play changes its plot dramatically. Oedipuss realization of him being the son of Laius comes slowly, but also catastrophically. Again, the tension of the realization is built up using stichomythic dialogues. Oedipus realizes that he can never go back to where he was. His conflict lies in that he wishes to return to being the king as before, but the truth does not allow him to do so. Similarly, In Macbeth, realization of Macbeth comes with his action of murdering the king. There is clearly a feeling of being scared of others discovering their actions inside Macbeth and Lady Macbeth after murdering the king, as they rhetorically question the noise of the surroundings. Also, Macbeth mentions Ill go no more. I am afraid to think what I have done, suggesting he realizes the dangers that would occur to him if his actions were discovered. Conflict in drama projects meaning, though it might not project a resolution to the problem at the end of the play. The end of one conflict in the play doesnt necessary mean that there will be no future conflicts. In Oedipus, the fall of Oedipus doesnt indicate the problem of the nation has been solved, but on the contrary, there might be other arrogant tyrants like Oedipus in the future. However, the story of Oedipus somehow teaches the audiences to be morally good, therefore it has a meaning. Similarly, in Macbeth, the tragedy of Macbeth and Lady Macbeth teaches audiences to realize that following a path similar to them will lead to destruction. Duncans speeches of gracefulness, loyalty, honor, honesty and integrity are meant to project moral rightness, therefore to teach morally. Still, theres no final resolution at the end of the play and it may mean that there will be other tyrants like Macbeth in the future. However, the play itself has projected meanings which, attracts audiences to watch it because simply no one would be interested in a play with no meanings. In conclusion, conflict does not only perform the basic functions for drama, such as forwarding the play, but conflicts main effect is that it makes drama more interesting, which is essential to attract audiences. Changes are brought out by conflict that introduces something different, and something new. Also, characters in drama are shown vividly through conflict. Conflict projects meaning, create realizations of the audiences and characters, with all of this, it makes drama fascinating and irregular.

Facilitating Case Management Essay Example for Free

Facilitating Case Management Essay Why is it important for a case manager to develop rapport with a client? Provide three examples of how rapport can be generated. 2. Why are statutory requirements necessary? What impact do they have on the case manager’s role? 3. What information might you need to gather from the families of clients? 4. List two elements that may be considered to be characteristics of a complex case. 5. Describe two strategies you may employ when dealing with a client with complex issues. 6. Case management plans must be developed in order to reflect the initial assessment of needs. Why is it essential that these plans be designed in consultation with clients? 7. Casework processes should be continually monitored for effectiveness. a) List two reasons why this is necessary. b) How should monitoring be undertaken? 8. If changes to a case plan are required, who should be consulted prior to the changes being made? 9. Why is cultural consideration important as part of case management planning? 0. Outline three strategies you think a workplace needs to have for including cultural awareness in the planning process? 11. You are a Team Leader in a Community Service Organisation and your organisation has just employed a new case worker. Describe two strategies that can help facilitate casework consultation between staff to maximise their performance in their new role. Best practice and promoting high-quality case management 12. What is meant by the term ‘best practice case management’? Why is best practice a significant service delivery benchmark? 13. How can case workers benefit from appropriate leadership, support, advice, supervision and challenges? In what ways might these improve service delivery? 14. Legislation, organisational policies and procedures can change over time. How might case management leaders support case managers in keeping up to date with organisational policies and procedures?

Nokias Marketing Strategy

Nokias Marketing Strategy Marketing is typically seen as the task of creating, promoting, and delivering goods and services to consumers and businesses (Kortler, 2005). Marketing is about stimulating demand for a companys products. Is this sense, marketing can be defined as the art of selling products. However in the modern economies, marketing is more than selling. According to Peter Drucker, a leading management theorist, the aim of marketing is to know and understand the customer so well that the product or the service fits him and sells itself. In this respect, the focus of marketing shifts from convincing people to buy a companys products to discovering the needs of the people and designing products that satisfy these needs. Thus marketing activities should result in customer who is ready to buy. At this point all that is needed is to make the right product available to consumers. A company that is going to be successful in the market place will be that company that will correctly discover the needs of c onsumers and produce products that satisfy them. This is what is called right product based on careful marketing research. Based on the above, marketing is well explained by the definition provided by the American Marketing Association. Thus marketing is defined as the process of planning and executing conception, pricing, promotion, and distribution of ideas, goods and services to create exchanges that satisfy individual and organizational goals. Marketing deals with identifying and meeting human and social needs. Indeed marketing can be defined as simply meeting needs profitably. Marketing is an organizational function and a set of processes for creating, communicating, and delivering value to customers and for managing customer relationships in ways that benefit the organization and its stakeholders. It is the art and science of choosing target markets and getting, keeping Marketing management is the art and science of choosing target markets and getting, keeping, and growing customers through creating, delivering, and communicating superior customer value. It is the conscious effort to achieve desired exchange outcomes with target markets. MARKETING STRATEGY A companys marketing strategy will be influenced by the chosen target market and the marketing philosophy being practiced by the management. Target Markets A single company or product can rarely satisfy everyone in a market. People have different tastes and preferences. People differ in terms of age, gender, beliefs, income, religion, and location. All these factors have a bearing on the products that appeal to them. Therefore, marketers must start by dividing or segmenting the market. A company must identify and profile distinct groups of buyers who might prefer or require varying product and services mixes. A companys marketing strategy should target that segment that promises the greatest opportunity. The developed market offering is then positioned in the minds of the target buyers as delivering some central benefits. Marketing Orientations or philosophies A marketing philosophy is an orientation or principle that guides a companys marketing activities or efforts. It defines the relative weights that are given to the interests of the organization, the customers, and the society. It is imperative that marketing activities be carried out under well thought out philosophy of efficiency, effectiveness, and social responsibility (Kortler, 2005). Organizations can conduct their marketing activities under different marketing philosophies. They include: the production concept, the product concept, the selling concept, the marketing concept, and holistic marketing concept. Production concept This concept holds that consumers will prefer products that are widely available and inexpensive. Such a business will concentrate on achieving high production efficiency, low costs, and mass distribution. The assumption is that consumers are primarily interested in product availability and low prices. This orientation is more often applied in developing countries, where it is assumed, consumers are more interested in obtaining the product than its features. However with the rapid globalization and more informed consumers, this philosophy is rapidly loosing its meaning. Product concept Product concept holds that consumers will favor those products that offer the most quality, performance, or innovative features. Managers in these organizations focus on making superior products and improving them over time. The assumption is that buyers admire well made products and can evaluate quality and performance. Companies that are product oriented believe that their engineers exceptional products that will meet customer expectations. Normally no customer input is sought and competition is not a consideration. This is a make and sell philosophy that does not focus on the customer. Selling concept The selling concept holds that consumers and businesses, if left alone, will not buy enough of the organizations products. Aggressive selling and promotion effort is needed to make sales. According to this concept, consumers typically show buying inertia or resistance and therefore must be coaxed into buying. Money is spent on television and radio advertising, posters, mailings. The selling concept is ideal for unsought goods, goods that buyers normally do not think of buying. Companies that are experiencing overcapacity also engage in aggressive marketing techniques. Their aim is to sell what they make rather than make what the market wants. Marketing concept This is a customer centered philosophy. Instead of hunting for customers, marketing is seen as gardening. The task is not to find the right customers for the company products but the right products for the target customers. According to this concept, the key to achieving organizational goals consists of the company being more effective than competitors in creating, delivering, and communicating superior customer value to its chosen target markets. The marketing philosophy is preoccupied with the idea of satisfying the needs of the customer by means of the product and the whole cluster of things associated with creating, delivering and finally consuming it. The customer is the king. The marketing concept rests on four pillars: target market, customer needs, integrated marketing, and profitability. Companies do best when they choose their target markets carefully and prepare tailored marketing programs. Nokia has segmented its market in six regions; Africa, Asia Pacific, Europe, Latin America, Middle East, and North America. Each region has unique needs addressed by the company in terms of product quality, features, pricing, and durability. Customer concept This involves shaping separate offers, services, and messages to individual customers. The company is forced to collect information on each customers past transactions, demographics, psychographics, and media and distribution preferences. They hope to achieve profitable growth through capturing a larger share of each customers expenditures by building a higher customer loyalty and focusing on customer lifetime value. Societal marketing concept This concept holds that the organizations task is to determine the needs, wants, and interests of target markets and to deliver the desired satisfaction more effectively and efficiently than competitors in a way that preserves or enhances the consumers and the societys well being. It requires marketers to build social and ethical considerations into their marketing practices. In the modern world that is faced with environmental deterioration, water pollution, resource shortages, hunger, poverty, explosive population, and mushrooming slums, marketing practices should consider the long term benefit of the society or public. COMPANY PROFILE Nokia is the world leader in mobility, driving the transformation and growth of the converging internet and communications industries. The company has operations in Africa, Asia Pacific, Europe, Latin America, Middle East, and North America. In brief the company has a world wide presence. Nokia began as a paper mill company dealing in paper, rubber, and cables in 1865 in South Western, Finland. The company changed to Nokia Corporation in 1968 and positioned itself for a pioneering role in the early evolution of mobile communications. The period 1992 to 2000 experienced a boom in mobile phone use. Nokia made this sector as its core business. By the turn of the century, Nokia had become the world leader in mobile phones. Vision Nokia is a consumer led company. There is a progressive and continuous increase in consumer involvement with technology and communications globally. People are broadening their modes of communication to include the web and, social networks are becoming central to how people communicate. People want to be truly connected, independent of time and place, in a way that is very personal to them. And Nokias promise is to connect people in new and better ways. Strategy Nokias strategy is to build trusted consumer relationships by offering compelling and valued consumer solutions that combine beautiful devices with context enriched services. Corporate Business Development The Nokia Corporate Business Development has the responsibility to manage Nokias Strategic growth areas. Their aim is to look for breakthrough ideas that are industry shakers. These are innovative business concepts and technologies that integrate with and expand beyond Nokia core business. Nokia aims to connect people with new services that are meaningful to them and offer greater benefits by enabling more transactions on the device. New services stem from the local needs of consumers and local expertise. Marketing strategy in place The company heavily depends on advertising and promotion activities to popularize its products. In addition, the company through its research unit is continuously involved in searching for product features that meet the evolving needs of diverse customers. There are different types of Nokia phones in the market ranging from a cheaper to expensive models. The aim is to satisfy the needs of diverse markets. Advertising Program Advertising is any paid form of non personal presentation and promotion of ideas, goods, or services by an identified sponsor. It is important to start by identifying the target market and buyer motives. An advertising program has five components: mission, money, message, media, and measurement. Advertising objectives must flow from prior decisions on target market, market positioning, and marketing mix. Advertising objectives may be to inform, persuade, remind, or reinforce. OVERAL BUSINESS STRATEGY A strategy is the direction and scope of an organization over a long term, which achieves advantage for the organization through its configuration of resources within a changing environment to the needs of markets and fulfill stakeholder expectations. This is the highest strategy level. It is concerned with overall purpose and scope of the firm (Jelassi and Enders, 2009). Corporate strategy addresses issues such as allocation of resources, acquisition, and products to produce. Marketing strategies of the firm are meant to contribute to the realization of the corporate objectives. Incorporating the global environment into marketing planning Business and competition is increasingly taking a global perspective. Goods manufactured in foreign countries are easily finding markets in distant countries thanks to the improved means of communication and transport. Use of e-business in marketing management Marketing activities can now be conducted online. Customers are able to determine the type of merchadize they require on the internet. Communication between suppliers and customers can be done via the internet. CONCLUSION Nokia has adopted the Marketing philosophy or orientation in its marketing activities. The company has also produced a variety of cell phones to meet the diverse market needs. The company has a strong research department that is charged with the responsibility of determining the consumer needs and finding innovative products to meet those needs.

Will we see the Downfall of Nintendo? Essay example -- Video Game Ind

Let’s go back in time for a moment and recapture the epic crash to the video game industry in North America that took place in 1983. There was a flood of bad games that shrunk the games industry’s value from three billion dollars down to a few hundred million. The Atari 2600 system was pretty much the basic and most populated console in the states in the early 80s. Atari was mainly responsible for its lack of productions and marketing. Even the Commodore 64 and the ColecoVision had its share of failed productions along with many other brand consoles. Eventually consoles and game cartages became were sold at bargain discounts. This was great for customers not at all for the industry and the developers. Arcades were the only successful outcome the industry had but soon enough everyone was about to see the death of the video game era. While Atari failed to recover a small Japanese trading card and toy company rose to the occasion in the states and began marketing the great est home console as we know of today, the Nintendo Home Entertainment System. Although Japan struggled to get North America to market the Nintendo system, Japan featured now and more exciting ways to play video games using the Zapper, ROB the Robot, story lines and saving data that couldn’t compare to how we used to play in the arcades.† No stranger to difficult times, Nintendo able to turn this crash into a good thing by surviving while many of their competitors did not†(History of Nintendo). When we think of the word video games, almost instantly Super Mario is the first thought and today is the most recognized character in the video game franchise. Super Mario is not only the main mascot and face of Nintendo, but Mario reminds us of our youth, the idea of obsta... ...st-players-in-the-industry/1100-6387414/ Sinclair, Brian. Who are the biggest players in the industry?. N.p., 17 July 2012. Web. 17 Nov. 2013. . 2012 biggest players in industry 3) http://gizmodo.com/the-surprisingly-long-history-of-nintendo-1354286257 - The Surprisingly Long History of Nintendo Jones, Tegan. The Surprisingly Long History of Nintendo. N.p., Sept. Web. 30 Sept. 2013. . 4) http://www.gamesindustry.biz/articles/2013-08-09-what-does-success-look-like-to-nintendo Fehey, Rob. What does "success" look like for Nintendo? N.p., 9 Aug. 2013. Web. 17 Nov. 2013. . What does â€Å"success† look like to nintendo

Interview of an E.M.T. :: interview essays

I had the opportunity to interview an E.M.T. The E.M.T. I chose to interview was my friend Matt from the Highland lakes squad. I chose to interview him because it is easier for me to talk to someone I know than someone I don't know, and also I wanted to find out whats its like being an E.M.T.. Q: Why did you become an E.M.T.? A: I enjoy helping people, and I felt that I wanted to be able to do more than just basic first aid and CPR. Q: What does it mean to be on call? A: It means that if the alarm goes off you are the person that responds to the call. You can't leave your area because you have to stay available if the pagers do go off. Q: How does being an E.M.T. affect your personal life? A: It doesn't really affect my personal life too much. The only time it really does is if the pager goes off and I'm on call then I have to stop what I am doin and respond to the call, or if I come across an accadent I have to stop and help. Q: In Vernon what kind of accadents do you usually see? A: The most common type of accadent I see is people havin trouble breathing, or people who can't breath things like that. Q: What is the worst accadent you've ever seen? A: The worst accadent I've ever seen was a car accadent where there was a victim who couldn't remember anything even after I told him the same thing over and over again he couldn't remember what I told him. Q: What happens if the victim is someone you know? A: I try to treat the victim like any other victim, but I'm more nervious about messing up somthing or doing somthin wrong. The victim though will usually feel more comfortable when someone they know is there with them. Q: What do you do at the scene of an accadent? A: We treat the victims, and transport them to the hospital as fast as we can. Q: How do you feel on the way to a call? A: I usually have an adrenalin rush, and my body feels like its going 100 times faster than normal. Thats about it though. Q: Do you like being an E.M.T. and why? A: Yes, I enjoy being an E.M.T. I like the feeling I get from helping others that are in need of help. Q: What happens if you are at a call and another call comes in? A: If a

Affirmative Action in Employing Women and Minorities :: Affirmative Action Equality Essays

Affirmative Action Thesis: Although many people believe that affirmative Action is a form of racism, it is actually used to help minorities find employment in an otherwise racist world. â€Å"In the United States, equality is a recurring theme. It has flared into a fervent moral issue at crucial stages of American history: The revolutionary and Jacksonian Period, and the New Deal. In each era, the legitimacy of American society is challenged by some set of people unhappy with the degree of equality† (Verba and Orren). Following the Civil War, Congress passed a number of laws designed to put former slaves on an equal level with white people. The Fourteenth Amendment made the freedmen citizen and prohibited states from enforcing any law which took away the privliges of any citizen, depriving men of life, liberty, or property without due process of the law, or denied men equal protection of the laws. In 1875, Republican majority in Congress, aware that reconstruction would soon e nd, passed a civil right act to secure by law semblance of equality for Black Americans (Urofsky 19). Many white Americans really did not like the idea of equality for the Black Freedmen. â€Å"Gideon Welles, who had been prevailing sentiment when he wrote in 1871: ‘Thank God slavery is abolished, but the Negro is not, and never can be the equal of the white man. He is of an inferior race and must always remain so’†(Urofsky 23). The supreme court agreed and in 1883 passed the Civil Rights act which diluted much of th! e protection of the Fourteenth Amendment. Justice Joseph Bradely interpreted the enforcement provision of the amendment as strictly remedial; â€Å"congress has the power to remedy a discriminatory state law, but could not take affirmative steps to protect blacks from other forms of prejudice† (Urofsky 21). As a result of this decision, the federal government took no action to combat racism in the country until the second world war (Urofsky 2 2). Because resentment continued to increase within the black communities and because of the threat of a march on Washington, President Franklin D. Roosevelt issued an executive order on June 25, 1941. This order directed African Americans to be accepted into job-training programs in defense plants. The order also stated that discrimination would not be excepted by employers holding defense contracts. It also set up a fair employment practice commissions to investigate charges of racial discrimination.

Accounting Fraud through Product Costing

Fraud is a malicious obtaining of money or property by deception then accompanied by concealment of theft and translation of stolen property or money into personal resources for private use. The costs of fraud are difficult to estimate because not all uncovered fraud is disclosed for correct action to be pursued. Most fraud is committed by the trusted and valued employees and it leads to shock and disbelief when such cases are discovered Cones, 2011).Such fraudulent behavior may include cutting costs, spending corporate and shareholder money on personal expenses, and manipulating financial records for personal needs. Through fraud examination, organizations can be able to determine if fraud occurs and in such case help to gather relevant evidence for the crime, the financial records are analyzed by financial detectives and relevant surveillance conducted to mitigate such hideous acts. A comprehensive review on the organizations internal control is carried out to ensure all workers co mply with the relevant regulatory standards and industry benchmarks.This process also conducts analytical review on key accounting areas to reveal Seibel fraudulent activities. Forensic accountants can investigate frauds, investigate accountants, forensic auditors or fraud auditors. Scientific knowledge can be used to relate and investigate crimes through Interactive process and assess evidences of crimes committed. According to Siltstone & Sheets (2012), these experts have analyzed several cases and most fraud In product costing results from overstatements of revenues or understatement of receivables and Inventory. References Siltstone, H. , & Sheets, M. (2012).

Advertising to Children Notes Essay

* Children cannot comprehend advertising messages due to their young age. * Children don’t understand persuasive intent until they are eight or nine years old and that it is unethical to advertise to them before then. According to Karpatkin and Holmes from the Consumers Union, â€Å"Young children, in particular, have difficulty in distinguishing between advertising and reality in ads, and ads can distort their view of the world. † Additionally children are unable to evaluate advertising claims. Beder, 1998) * Older children pay less attention to advertisements and are more able to differentiate between the ads and TV programs but they are also easy prey for advertisers. Around puberty, in their early teens, children are forming their own identities and they are â€Å"highly vulnerable to pressure to conform to group standards and mores. † At this age they feel insecure and want to feel that they belong to their peer group. Advertising manipulates them through their insecurities, seeking to define normality for them; influencing the way they â€Å"view and obtain appropriate models for the adult world;† and undermining â€Å"fundamental human values in the development of the identity of children. † Advertisements actively encourage them to seek happiness and esteem through consumption. (Beder, 1998) * Younger children often do not understand the persuasive intent of advertisements, and even older children probably have difficulty understanding the intent of newer marketing techniques that blur the line between commercial and program content. Calvert, 2008) * One key area in research on the effect of advertising on children has been analysis of age-based changes in children’s ability to understand commercial messages, particularly their intent. Before they reach the age of eight, children believe that the purpose of commercials is to help them in their purchasing decisions; they are unaware that commercials are designed to persuade them to buy specific products. The shifts that take place in children’s understanding of commercial intent are better explained using theories of cognitive development. Calvert, 2008) * During the stage of preoperational thought, roughly from age two to age seven, young children are perceptually bound and focus on properties such as how a product looks. Young children also use animistic thinking, believing that imaginary events and characters can be real. For instance, during the Christmas season, television is flooded with commercials that foster an interest in the toys that Santa will bring in his sleigh pulled by flying reindeer. Young children â€Å"buy in† to these fantasies and the consumer culture they represent. Preoperational modes of thought put young children at a distinct disadvantage in understanding commercial intent and, thus, in being able to make informed decisions about requests and purchases of products. (Calvert, 2008) * With the advent of concrete operational thought, between age seven and age eleven, children begin to understand their world more realistically. They understand, for example, that perceptual manipulations do not change the underlying properties of objects. More important, they begin to go beyond the information given in a commercial and grasp that the intent of advertisers is to sell products. By the stage of formal operational thought, about age twelve and upward, adolescents can reason abstractly and understand the motives of advertisers even to the point of growing cynical about advertising. (Calvert, 2008) * Increased use of the Internet to target children offers increasing opportunities for advertisers to convey their messages. * A new arena for advertising is the Internet. It is estimated that about four million children are using the Internet worldwide and this figure is bound to increase dramatically over the next few years. Beder, 1998) * As the enormous increase in the number of available television channels has led to smaller audiences for each channel, digital interactive technologies have simultaneously opened new routes to narrow cast to children, thereby creating a growing media space just for children and children’s products. (Calvert, 2008) * Newer marketing approaches have led to online advertising and to so-called stealth marketing techniques, such as embedding products in the program content in films, online, and in video games. Calvert, 2008) * Television has long been the staple of advertising to children and youth. Children view approximately 40,000 advertisements each year. The products marketed to children— sugarcoated cereals, fast food restaurants, candy, and toys—have remained relatively constant over time. But marketers are now directing these same kinds of products to children online. (Calvert, 2008) * Rapid growth in the number of television stations and online venues has also led advertisers to market directly to children and youth. Because children and youth are heavy media users and early adopters of newer technologies, media marketing and advertising campaigns using both television and newer media are efficient pathways into children’s homes and lives. Although television is still the preferred medium for reaching children and youth, marketers are exploring how to reach this age group online using cell phones, iPods, game platforms, and other digital devices. Banner ads, for example, which resemble traditional billboard ads but market a product across the top of an Internet page, appear on most webpages. And â€Å"advergames† integrate products such as cereal and candy into online video games to sell products to youth. (Calvert, 2008) * Although television is still the dominant venue for advertising, marketers are exploring new ways to market to children and adolescents through online media and wireless devices, often using stealth techniques whereby consumers are immersed in branded environments, frequently without knowing that they are being exposed to sophisticated marketing campaigns. Marketers carefully analyze children and adolescents’ interest patterns, focusing on games for â€Å"tweens,† as well as communication software for teens. Tracking these patterns provides extensive information that marketers now analyze in aggregate form, but that can, in the future, be used for one-on-one relational marketing strategies directed at specific individuals. (Calvert, 2008) * Online interactive agents are a virtual form of stealth advertising. Marketers program robots, or bots, to reply? to surfers who initiate a conversation. Such bots are programmed to respond to users in a one-on-one relational way that builds brand loyalty, as for instance, with virtual bartenders who â€Å"talk† to those who visit their sites. These alcohol-related websites feature humor, games, and hip language to appeal to minors. (Calvert, 2008) * Many companies have realized that children, particularly tweens and teens, enjoy using technology for education, communication, and entertainment purposes. The Internet allows tweens and teens to become involved with, explore, and learn about products when and where they want to (Schumann and Thorson, 2007). * Some marketers suggest that the best way to engage children through the Internet is by the use of ‘viral’ or buzz marketing strategies that encourage children to email their avourite commercials and other product information to each other (Schumann and Thorson, 2007). As the Internet has continued to grow in prominence and commercial strength, concerns about this medium have grown accordingly, particularly as they relate to children and teens (Schumann and Thorson, 2007). * Typically, these concerns focus around issues of time spent on the Internet and its effect on intellectual and social development, the vulnerability of children to advertisers’ tactics and children’s access to inappropriate content (Schumann and Thorson, 2007). One of the concerns often voiced about children and Internet advertising is how much time children are exposed to advertising messages while online and also how much attention they pay to these messages (Schumann and Thorson, 2007). * Because exposure to Internet advertising is not regulated like advertising on broadcast television, there is concern about the amount of exposure that a child may have to advertising messages. On television, a single advertisement for a single brand may last 30-60 seconds before switching to another advertisement. On the internet, however, a child can spend hours on a single web site playing games, chatting to friends, catching up on product news, all while being continually exposed to a range of persuasive messages for that brand (Schumann and Thorson, 2007). * While television and other media have long been used to sell to children, the Internet presents some important differences. For example, television advertisers are asked to maintain a clear separation between content and advertising; Internet advertisers are not. And television advertisers are prohibited from using their corporate logos both as content and pitchmen at the same time; Internet advertisers face no such restrictions. As a result, Tony the Tiger has free rein among the games, quizzes and activities on Kellogg’s site, while on television he is restricted to station breaks (Carleton, 2000). * Today, children spend an estimated $130 million annually, and influence another $500 million in household purchases. And the Internet is a great place to reach those young consumers (Carleton, 2000). * Unlike traditional media, the Internet allows children and adolescents to access different kinds of content, and a specific characteristic is that this can be done in privacy, without the knowledge of parents (Marshall, 2010). * The most influential sources of information for children today making decisions and keeping contact with peers are media, meaning that children receive far more information from media than from parents and schools. This phenomenon has been called ‘the parallel school of media’, which means that children and adolescents will daily use up several hours on various media (Marshall, 2010). * Children can very quickly adopt and use new media technology and companies and advertising agencies are extremely innovative and creative when it is a question of targeting children with commercial messages (Marshall, 2010). * Children are targeted because of the amount of money they spend on themselves, the influence they have on their parents and because of the money they will spend when they grow up (three different markets). Young children are increasingly the target of advertising and marketing because of the amount of money they spend themselves, the influence they have on their parents spending (the nag factor) and because of the money they will spend when they grow up. (Beder, 1998) * Children represent three different markets. In addition to the direct money that children spend and the money they influence, children also represent a third major market and perhaps the most significant and that is the future market. Advertisers recognise that brand loyalties and consumer habits formed when children are young and vulnerable will be carried through to adulthood. (Beder, 1998) * In Australia, children under 18 have an average $31. 60 to spend each week and they influence more than 70 per cent of their parents’ clothes and fast food purchases. (Beder, 1998) * Both the discretionary income of children and their power to influence parent purchases have increased over time. (Calvert, 2008) * The affluence of today’s children and adolescents has made youth a market eminently worthy of pursuit by businesses. Calvert, 2008) * Evolution of a child consumer. (Beder, 1998) – From age 1: Accompanying Parents and Observing. Children are taken with their parents to supermarkets and other stores where all sorts of goodies are displayed. By the time a child can sit erect, he or she is placed in his or her culturally defined observation post high atop a shopping cart. From this vantage point the child stays safety in proximity to parents but can see for the first time the wonderland of marketing. – From age 2: Accompanying Parents and Requesting. Children begin to ask for things that they see and make connections between television advertising and store contents. They pay more attention to those ads and the list of things they want increases. At the same time, the youngster is learning how to get parents to respond to his or her wishes and wants. This may take the form of a grunt, whine, scream, or gesture–indeed some tears may be necessary–but eventually almost all children are able on a regular basis to persuade Mom or Dad to buy something for them. – From age 3: Accompanying Parents and Selecting with Permission. Children are able to come down from the shopping trolley and make their own choices. They are able to recognise brands and locate goods in the store. At this point the child has completed many connections, from advertisements to wants, to stores, to displays, to packages, to retrieval of want-satisfying products. For many parents this is a pleasing experience. Ditto for the marketers, for it signals the beginning of the child’s understanding of the want-satisfaction process in a market-driven society. – From age 4: Accompanying Parents and Making Independent Purchases. The final step in their development as a consumer is learning to pay for their purchases at the checkout counter. – From age 5: Going to the Store Alone and Making Independent Purchases. – By the age of eight children make most of their own buying decisions. * Integrating a variety of different theoretical perspectives, Patti Valkenburg and Joanne Cantor advanced a developmental model? of how children become consumers * In the first stage (birth to two years), toddlers and infants have desires and preferences, but they are not yet true consumers because they are not yet truly goal-directed in their product choices. During the second stage (two to five years), preschoolers nag and negotiate, asking for and even demanding certain products. At this point in their development, young children do not understand the persuasive intent of commercials; they focus on the attractive qualities of products and cannot keep their minds off the products for long. These developmental characteristics make them extremely vulnerable to commercial advertisements. By the end of this stage, children replace whining and throwing tantrums to get a desired product with more effective negotiation. In early elementary school (five to eight years), children reach the stage of adventure and first purchases. They begin to make clearer distinctions between what is real and what is imaginary, their attention spans are longer, and they make their first purchases outside the company of their parents. * In the final stage (eight to twelve years), elementary school children are attuned to their peer groups’ opinions. Their critical skills to assess products emerge, and their understanding of others’ emotions improves considerably. In the later years of this stage, interest shifts from toys to more adult-like products, such as music and sports equipment. Although children’s consumer behaviors continue to develop during the adolescent years, the foundation is laid in these early years with a progression from simple wants and desires to a search to fulfill those desires to making in- dependent choices and purchases to evaluating the product and its competition * (All Beder, 1998). The ability of elementary children to recognize both traditional online advertising such as banner and button ads and embedded advertising that is part of advergames seems to be limited. With only about a third of the children able to accurately identify advertising, a large percentage is left unable to identify advertising content. * Children’s culture is increasingly dominated and defined by market interests, as advertisers, children’s industries, and other producers of consumer goods clamour to capture the hearts, minds and pocketbooks of this profitable demographic. * The creation of online communities and spaces for children and youth has thus become a growing and lucrative endevour for many media, toy and food companies. This article provides a critical analysis of one such online community called NeoPets, whose premise is that users create or adopt a virtual pet to nuture. * Acquisition of currency (called ‘NeoPoints’), gained by playing various games, exchanging or selling items, filling out marketing surveys, and entering contests and games of chance, allows for the purchase o pet food and other virtual consumer products. * Neopets is part of a landscape of global, youthful, digital entertainment products that have emerged with the Internet and technological convergence. In its few years of operation, 16 million users have created Neopets. According to promotional material, Neopets is one of the fastest growing Internet youth communities. * The neopets site generates revenue through a strategy it calls ‘immersive marketing’, a scheme similar to product placement in films. Food manufacturers and entertainment giants have thus flocked to neopets, eager to reach this youthful market through insinuation of their brand in games and activities on the site. * Neopets generates a substantial part of its revenue by providing market research and consumer studies of its users. The neopets website exemplifies the new ‘children’s digital media culture’- a culture which fosters deepening levels of intimacy between marketer and children by dissolving traditional barriers between ‘content and commerce’. * In neopia, products and brand names are integrated within the many games and features that are part of the rich content on the site. Advertisers and entertainment companies such as Walt Disney, McDonalds and Mattel have flocked to Neopets, eager to reach the tween and teen market. * The majority of neopets users are under 18 years of age, with 39% below the age of 12 and 40% between 13-17 years old. Neopets conforms to modern conventions found in Saturday-morning cartoon series, comics, children’s advertising and product design: the use of a brightly coloured palate, with a predominance of primary and secondary colours, and highly-stylized ‘bubbly’ graphics. * Immersive advertising directly integrates a sponsor’s product or service into the activities available with in the site. Advertisers hope that immersive advertising campaigns will encourage children to play with the products, thus enabling them to later identify their brand. As children and youth continue to expand their access and presence on the Internet, they adopt participatory roles in the creation of online content and contribute in meaningful ways to online environments, including games and communities. * As children are sucked into the commercial marker in an increasingly competitive cradle-to-grave branding strategy, neopets strategy of immersive advertising amidst a fantastical community concerned with the ethos of acquisition and entrepreneurialism as entertainment provides a salient example of ‘childhood as a cultural space constituted by consumerism’. Neopets global marketing strategy of cross-media licensing and integrated marketing is a blatant example of branding children’s media environments. Slapping consumer culture onto children’s culture means we are denying children a degree of autonomy and agency in creating their own spaces.

Nursing Education Essay

This paper will outline the differences in competencies between Associate Degree in Nursing (ADN), and Bachelor in Science of Nursing (BSN) prepared nurses. Then identify a patient care situation describing how nursing care or approaches to decision making may differ based upon the educational preparation of the nurse. The Free online Dictionary (2013) depicts competency as â€Å"The quality of being competent or capable of performing an allotted function.† Here is a comparison of two different pathways to becoming a Registered Nurse: Associate Degree in Nursing (ADN), and Bachelor in Science of Nursing (BSN) programs. Born out of the nursing shortage in 1952, the Associate Degree nurse came in to fruition thanks to Mildred Montag. The Associate Degree program for Registered Nurses is two-three years length. This program does hold academic credit based on clinical and general studies preparing these students to be able to function as â€Å"technical† bedside nurses. At the end of the ADN program students are eligible to take the NCLEX-RN (Creasia & Reid, 2011). The Bachelors of Science program is four years in length and actually regarded by the American Nurse association as the original entry level requirement to becoming a Registered Nurse (Smith, 2009). This program originated in 1909. The BSN program is based on evidence based practice, Community nursing, and prepares these nurses for leadership roles whereas the ADN programs do not function to prepare nurses in leadership roles (Creasia & Reid, 2011). This is due to the program providing education, described by Creasia & Reid, 2011, also on â€Å"Information management, health care policy and finance, communication/collaboration, clinical Prevention/population health and professional values.† (p. 25). At the end of the program these Nurses are eligible to take the NCLEX-RN. With differences in the level of education among RN’s this brings up the controversial topic of: Do the difference in educational levels of BSN prepared nurse and ADN nurse make the more educated BSN more prepared for the challenges of nursing today? There is much more research needed on this topic. Online Journals such as Policy Politics Nursing Practice Ellenbecker, 2011 state, â€Å"Today’s environment of expanding knowledge, the call for interdisciplinary healthcare delivery teams, and evidence of the relationship between nurse education and improved patient outcomes strongly indicate the need for nurses prepared at the baccalaureate level.† (115-125). Studies such as Aiken (2003) depict negative outcomes such as failure to rescue and mortality were nineteen percent lower in hospitals post-surgical patients where sixty percent of the nurses had baccalaureate degrees. The American Association of Colleges of Nursing 2003 provide an entire fact sheet depicting h ow BSN nurses may be more prepared than diploma or ADN to meet the demands of nursing today. They state this is due to the broader span of course work provided in the BSN program. The BSN nurse learns what the diploma and ADN nurse learn but receive a more â€Å"in depth† experience thus allowing them enhanced â€Å"professional development, a greater understating of cultural, political, economic and social issues affecting patients and influencing health care delivery.† (AACN 2003). Nurses holding a BSN education could indeed be more able to provide the approach of looking at the patient as a whole, as well as enhanced critical thinking skills. (AACN 2003). One clinical example that depicts the difference in patient care situation describing how nursing care or approaches to decision-making may differ based upon the educational preparation of the nurse BSN versus a diploma or ADN degree. The issue of â€Å"may† provide different approaches to decision making is appropriate. There are studies that support that BSN prepared nurses are better prepared and studies that suggest that there is no significant difference in care delivered by BSN compared to the care delivered ADN and Diploma nurses. When faced with the evidence that BSN prepared nurses are taught a higher level of education and to utilize evidence based practice (AACN 2003) (Creasia & Reid, 2011). The BSN prepared nurse may be better prepared to think more critically and research why they do a task and not just do the task blindly. For instance evidence-based practice provides hospitals with ways to decrease CAUTI from occurring (AJIC 2011). This is â€Å"Catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTI). According to AJIC 2011, â€Å"CAUTI are â€Å"common, morbid, and costly†. â€Å"Nearly 25% of hospitalized patients are catheterized yearly, and 10% develop urinary tract infections. Evidence based guidelines exist for indwelling urinary catheter management but are not consistently followed.† (pp. 1-6). Being educated enough to look up what the evidence based practice guidelines on catheters are can significantly increase positive patient outcomes. Furthermore, AJIC 2011 states also that when nurses where â€Å"re-educated† on a â€Å"basic skill† and† infusing best evidence into current practice were important to raise awareness of simple interventions that positively impacted patient outcomes and infusing best evidence into current practice were important to raise awareness of simple interventions that positively impacted patient outcomes.† (pp. 1-6). Nurses who are more educated on reasons behind evidence based practice understand the importance of implementing it into current nursing practice. So it could be said that a BSN prepared nurse is more likely to utilize the practice guidelines that are evidence based. This provides an example how a BSN nurse could be more likely to make a different judgment call than a diploma or and nurse and take initiative to ask the MD for an order to support an evidence-based decision. To summarize there three pathways to becoming a Registered Nurse: Diploma, ADN, and BSN programs. Each has unique qualities. The program that offers a more â€Å"in-depth† education is the BSN program. All programs lead to the same end point of allowing the student to the NCLEX-RN. There are varying viewpoints on whether or not a BSN versus ADN nurse is better educationally prepared for the nursing workforce today. References American Association of Colleges of Nursing. (2013). The impact of education on nursing practice. Retrieved on January 18, 2013 from: http://www.aacn.nche.edu/media-relations/fact-sheets/impact-of-education Aiken, L. H. (2003). Educational levels of hospital nurses and surgical patient mortality. Journal of the American Medical Association, 290 , 1617–1623. Retrieved on January 19, 2013 from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3077115/ Creasia, J. L., & Reid, PHD, RN, K. B. (2011). Conceptual foundations the bridge to professional nursing practice. (5th ed.). Ch. 2, pp.1-39. St. Louis, Missouri: Elsevier Mosby. Retrieved on January 19, 2013 from: http://pageburstls.elsevier.com/books/978-0-323-06869-7 Ellenbecker PhD, RN, C. (2010, 08 30). Policy politics and nursing practice preparing the Nursing Workforce of the Future. vol. 11 no. 2 115-125. Retrieved from on January 19, 2013: http://ppn.sagepub.com/content/11/2/115.abstract Farlex, Inc. (2013). The free dictionary . Retrieved on January 19, 2013 from: http://www.thefreedictionary.com/competencies Oman, K. S., & Flynn Makic, M. B. (2011). Nurse-directed interventions to reduce catheter associated urinary tract infections. American Journal of Infection Control, 1-6. Retrieved on January 19, 2013 from: http://www.ucdenver.edu/academics/colleges/medicalschool/departments/medicine/hcpr/cauti/documents/TeamPublications/Nurse-Directed Interventions to Reduce Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infections.pdf

Mental Retardation and Child Abuse

Sling Blade is a film about a mentally retarded individual by the name of Karl, who murders his mother and her lover – Karl’s classmate – at the age of twelve.   Subsequently, Karl is institutionalized.   Upon release, Karl returns to his hometown where he befriends a young boy, Frank.   The boy’s father had committed suicide, and his mother is dating Doyle, who abuses both Frank and his mother.   Eventually, Karl is responsible for the murder of Doyle as well, as he must put an end to the abuse that he is witnessing in the lives of Frank and his mother. The story of the film is atypical seeing that Karl is a mentally retarded individual who takes action against child abuse.   Scientific research, on the other hand, has revealed that it is usually the mentally retarded individual who must suffer abuse simply because he cannot take care of himself. As an example, Morse, Sahler, and Friedman studied twenty five children who had been abused, out of which forty two percent were mentally retarded.   All except one of the mentally retarded children in the study had already been diagnosed as mentally retarded before they were abused.   Hence, it is obvious that the abusers knew that the mentally retarded children are vulnerable to abuse. According to Morse, Sahler, and Friedman, people who spend time with mentally retarded children are usually aware that these children are not always able to physically or verbally defend themselves.   Moreover, these children are not always able to describe their abuse to others.   Typically, they are also unable to differentiate between proper and improper verbal communication and/or physical contact, regardless of whether the physical contact is sexual or violent in nature. Lastly, mentally retarded children are truly dependent on other people for all manners of assistance.   This makes them more trusting toward their caretakers as well as others.   Also according to the authors, passivity as well as compliance stem from the trust and dependency of the mentally retarded child.   Those who abuse mentally retarded children are, therefore, taking undue advantage of the trust shown by these children. Sandgrund, Gaines, and Green have also conducted a study on children.   Out of one hundred and twenty children studied by the authors, sixty had been abused, thirty had been neglected, and another thirty had not been abused at all.   The authors reported that twenty five percent of the abused children in their study had been diagnosed as mentally retarded. Twenty percent of the neglected children had similarly been recognized as mentally retarded, while only three percent of the children who had never been abused were mentally retarded.   The findings of this study reveal that mentally retarded children are quite likely to be abused.   The fact that Karl of Sling Blade was never abused – rather, he had the intelligence to differentiate between proper and improper verbal communication and/or physical contact – shows that the film is about an unusual mentally retarded individual.   Sandgrund, Gaines, and Green write that mentally retarded children are normally hesitant to report instances of abuse because they fear losing the essential relationships with their caretakers. Furthermore, these children are not always believed if they manage to report abuse.   Seeing that Karl was not afraid to lose his caretaker at the time he killed his mother reveals that this mentally retarded child was definitely not a typical one. McFadden has also written about the abuse of mentally ill children, including those who are mentally retarded.   Reporting a study conducted by the New York State Commission on Quality of Care for the Mentally Disabled, McFadden writes that abuse in institutions for mentally retarded children is higher than abuse in institutions for children who are mentally fit.   Also according to the author: In analyzing those cases, the commission found that abuse most often occurred in leisure-  time areas, such as recreation rooms and sleeping quarters, where children congregate without  structured activities.   It also found that boys over 12 years of age and children who exhibited  disturbing conduct were at the highest risk of abuse. In 16 percent of the cases, the study said, a finding of abuse or neglect was made by the  reporting facility.   In another 18 percent, the facility found misconduct by an employee but no  evidence of abuse.   In 66 percent, some corrective action was taken and in nearly 20 percent  disciplinary action was taken against at least one employee. Most of those responsible for the abuse or neglect were not new employees.   The study said  80 percent of them had worked at the facility at least one year and 50 percent had been  employed more than three years (McFadden). Karl was fortunate because his mother did not abuse him.   He was not abused in an institution either.   All the same, research evidence suggests that mentally retarded children are highly vulnerable to abuse.   In unusual cases, perhaps mentally retarded individuals like Karl may be able to struggle against child abuse.   Then again, they might have to take drastic actions such as those of Karl in order to end child abuse.   After all, mentally retarded individuals are not considered credible if they simply manage to report abuse. Works Cited McFadden, Robert D. â€Å"Child Abuse High in New York Mental Centers.† New York Times. 1 Dec 1987. 17 Nov 2007. . Morse, C.W., O.Z. Sahler, and S.B. Friedman. â€Å"A Three-Year Follow-Up Study of Abused and Neglected Children.† American Journal of Diseases of Children. Vol. 120 (1970): pp. 439-446. Sandgrund, H., R. Gaines, and A. Green. â€Å"Child Abuse and Mental Retardation: A Problem of Cause and Effect.† American Journal of Mental Deficiency. Vol. 79 (1974): pp. 327-330. Sling Blade. Dir. Billy Bob Thorton. 1996.            

Sykes Enterprises Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Sykes Enterprises - Case Study Example The mission of Sykes is to provide its customers with competitive rates so that it can provide its customers with the lowest rates. Sykes' strategy is to compete with the industry leaders on cost. It has to thus ensure that its operations stay profitable for it to continue its operations. Its mission and objectives are aligned with the amount of competition in the market and allows Sykes to target the same companies its competitors are targeting however, offering the lowest rates in town. There is no need to review the mission and objectives, but the strategy needs re-working. It is obvious that Sykes can take more than one action to improve its revenues and build a profitable business. The closure of its operations in India have resulted in consolidation of its costs in the United States. The competitors of Sykes have resorted to opening up call centers in South East Asian nations such as the Philippines to counter the high turnover costs and possible wage rises in Indian cities due to growing economies. One of the strategic alternatives for Sykes could be to introduce a culture of hiring fresh graduates and providing them training and binding them with contracts to serve Sykes for a period of two years. This would result in a significant drop in turnover for a temporary period. Reduction in the hiring and firing costs will result in lower running costs that will allow Sykes to offer lower rates to its customers. It would be wise for Sykes to continue its contracts with various towns and cities and gather benefits in taxation and other utilities offering employment in return. The reduction in taxes would result in a lower deductions in the revenues. The reduction would improve the profitability, though not necessarily the revenues. The current scenario asks for more involvement in the US rather than other countries. Significant cost reduction in Asian economies is no longer an onus and in countries that still offer lower operation rates, there is always the chance of high turnover costs and bad customer experiences - due to accents of offshore employees. Recommended Strategy Keeping into view the tough conditions of the economy, it would be wise for Sykes to combine the two strategies and work towards reducing its costs. Since Sykes mission and objective is reduction in costs to offer competitive rates in the industry, the two strategies could both be used to reduce the costs in order to provide highly competitive rates to corporate customers. This strategy would result in attraction of more corporate clients. However, Sykes should not close down any further call centers nor should it pursue an aggressive strategy within the US - current operations should be maintained until there is a significant rise in the profits. Implementation It would be wise for Sykes Enterprises to consider more large firms in the market other than SBC

Perform a Detailed Task Analysis Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Perform a Detailed Task Analysis - Assignment Example For example if he is going for an educational vacation he should consider a place where there is access to books, internet and any other research tools he may require. If he is going for a recreational tour he might consider factors like the weather of the place of destination, the places to be ventured into and the security of the same. He also needs to conduct an economic analysis of the places to be visited in order to select the most convenient economical destination without compromising on the vocational goals (Kirwan, 1992) After identifying the place to visit based on the vocational goals, Sam should put down all the requirements in a hierarchical manner in order to make his trip a success. The most vital points to emphasize on include money allocation/distribution, gathering important personal effects, arranging for the day and time of departure, consulting with the travel agency and making other personal arrangements such as notifying colleagues and family members about the trip and any other party concerned. In order to avail for proper distribution of money, Sam must consider the amount of money he is going to spend on the trip and distribute it accordingly based on the travel budget. This will involve considerations on which means of transport to use and the cost on the same, where to stay and the funding for the various activities included in the vocation needs. This includes entertainment costs, agency costs among others (Shepherd, 2001). After deciding on how much to spend on each item, Sam should gather all the items listed in his travel schedule. This will include items such as a suitcase, clothing and other items related to his personal wellbeing. He should also gather all items necessary to meet his vocational goals such as books if he is going for an educational vocation. In order to be on schedule, Sam must identify the date for the trip and make the necessary arrangements with the parties involved. This will

Summery of Globalization, Politics, and Financial Turmoil economic Essay

Summery of Globalization, Politics, and Financial Turmoil economic - Essay Example experience such crises mainly because there is a breakdown in communication between the chief executive of the monetary authority and financial officers in such times, leading to insufficient banking regulations and eventually flight of capital out of the country, which then has a snowballing effect. For the purpose, Satyanath elaborates on three bodies of literature – 1) globalization of capital and the political scenario in which there are possibilities of miscommunication 2) the presence of ill-informed chief executive and 3) the existence of veto players, that is, those whose consent is necessary for any policy change. Prior to the 1980s, all developing countries had relatively stringent regulations on capital inflows and outflows. All foreign exchange transactions were strictly monitored and banks had limits on overseas borrowings. From the 1980s, the International Monetary Fund (IMF) began to put pressures on the developing countries to liberalize the financial sectors, justifying that the access to foreign capital would allow these countries to invest more than the domestic savings allowed them to. Besides, short-term cyclical recessions could be balanced with countercyclical capital inflows from overseas. Also, free mobility of capital would also allow domestic investors to invest abroad thus neutralizing domestic shocks while also allowing them to earn higher risk-adjusted returns. Lastly, the dismantling of the bureaucratic shackles would allow the financial sectors of the developing countries become more professional, the IMF argued. Consequently, many Asian countries liberalized the capita l accounts as they did the trade accounts in the 1980s and 1990s, and the result was higher growth rates in Gross Domestic Product in the immediately succeeding years. However, by 1996, many of these same economies began to show signs of slower growth. Simultaneously, what disturbed the analysts were the growing current account deficits and increase in foreign